The Parisian club has now secured the prestigious cup on 14 separate times.
The Parisian giants needed a dramatic equaliser followed by a perfect spot-kick decider to get past their arch-rivals in Kuwait and secure a fourth straight Trophee des Champions title.
The Champions League holders seemed to be coasting towards a straightforward triumph in the showdown between the Ligue 1 winners and the French Cup winners after Ousmane Dembele opened the scoring in the opening stages.
Yet, the southern French side fired twice in the closing moments to seize a shock lead. First, the English forward scored from the penalty spot, before the defender inadvertently directed the ball into his own net for an own goal.
In a remarkable twist of fortune, Goncalo Ramos grabbed a crucial leveler in the final moments to send the contest into a penalty shootout. The Parisian shot-stopper Lucas Chevalier then stood as the key figure, saving crucial attempts from Matt O'Riley and Traore.
From the spot, Goncalo Ramos, Vitinha, the full-back, and the young talent all scored successfully for Paris Saint-Germain to seal a convincing penalty win.
The record winners PSG, who faced last season's Ligue 1 second-placed team Olympique de Marseille after completing a league and cup double, have now lifted this competition for the 12th time in the last thirteen years.